This study was composed of 94 wild accessions and of 481 cultivated accessions. Darwin 5.0 (Perrier and Jacquemoud-Collet, 2006; Perrier et al., 2003) was used to calculate genetic distances between pairs of the 535 accessions (out of 575 of the published study). To do so, both modalities (0,1) were given equal weight using the Sokal and Michener (1958) dissimilarity index as the proportion of unmatching markers. we built a neighbor-joining (NJ) tree (Saitou and Nei, 1987) with the diploid accessions composed of A and B genomes only . With regard to the evolutionary history of cultivated bananas, we then built a second NJ tree with all the accessions composed of A and B genomes under the constraint of the diploid tree topology.